Acute Heart Failure ( Chf ) - 1865 Words

One of the main causes of mortality and morbidity is congestive heart failure (CHF). The major causes of CHF are coronary artery disease and hypertension. Other risk factors are occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), valvular heart disease, diabetes, smoking, obesity and dyslipidemia [46, 47]. Diabetes mellitus as an anticipated factor of CHF was explained in some studies [44, 47]. Diabetes is considered as a risk factor for CHF but yet, its relationship with CHF has not been completely understood [47, 48]. Alterations of left ventricular function and structure that are associated with diabetes mellitus or diminished glucose regulation have been described in recent studies [42, 49]. It has been reported that insulin resistance†¦show more content†¦A decrease in the radial (RS) and circumferential strain (CS) is remarkable in patients with diabetes mellitus [51]. Diastolic dysfunction as an early manifestation of diabetic heart has been reported in patients with di abetes mellitus with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [52]. Longitudinal appearance is the primary manifestation in diabetics with left ventricular systolic dysfunction [53]. Patients with diabetes type 2 show reduced in systolic and diastolic velocity during exercise [54]. Left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction are the most common cardiac malformations in asymptomatic diabetics, especially in diabetic women [55]. A study reported remarkably higher heart rate in diabetic patients than patients without diabetes [56]. Myocardial catecholamine supplies are reduced in diabetic patients that lead to systolic and diastolic dysfunction [57]. 3. Coronary Artery Disease, Atherosclerosis, Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Atherogenesis One of the main complications of diabetes mellitus is coronary artery disease [58]. There are irregularities in supply of a coronary artery stream without any epicardial coronary artery diseases [59-61]. Patients with diabetes mellitus are more prone to get coronary artery diseases, especially the multi-vessel form [2,

Speech At The Newtown, Connecticut Prayer Vigil For The...

Sandy Hook. It is crazy how all you need to understand an event is a title. By not say much there is a great chance that you already feel the emotion of Sandy Hook, you know what it means and what it stands for. It is sad, yes, but it is an event that will never change and that challenged a nation as a whole. Opportunities like these, although tragic, are moment in which we can see the true nature of our leader—the president. In Obamas speech at the Newtown, Connecticut prayer vigil for the victims of the sandy hook event, we see a glimpse of what the president means to his people (in Theodore Roosevelt s eyes) and also how Mass media has changed the view of audiences during this tragic event. Following the shooting at the elementary school of Sandy Hook in Newtown, Connecticut President Barack Obama attended the vigil of the victims hosted at a local high school. In the case that you where unaware of the event, Sand Hook was an elementary school in which twenty children died , along with six adults at a shooting cause by a disturbed individual. The armed individual approached the school campus with preset negative intentions of what he was planing to do. Since nothing like this has happened before the school was unprepared for what was to come, but acted as courageously as possible to protect the student attending that evening. After the fact schools of all levels revised their safety protocol for better preparation in the event of this reoccurring. Although president

Essay on Geography The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Afghanistan is a country that is mysterious to many outsiders. From the harsh landscape to the traditional social norms shared by its people, Afghanistan continues to mystify the world. The country’s unique location has influenced its history and people, and that of the nations and armies that have tried to conquer it. Like all nations, Afghanistan’s geography, infrastructure, history and people contribute to the overall culture of the country. The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is located in southern Asia. It is a landlocked country. The nations that boarder Afghanistan are Pakistan to the East and South, Iran to the West, and Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan to the North. The country also shares a minor board with China,†¦show more content†¦As of 2004, twelve percent of the country is cultivated, with an additional ten percent used as pastureland for grazing and another five percent has the potential for agricultural activities (â€Å"Afghanistan P rofile† 5). The main crops are opium, wheat and other grains, fruits and nuts, sugar beets and oil seeds. Opium is the most profitable crop, and although officially outlawed, Afghanistan remains the world’s leading producer. The main livestock grown are sheep, goats, camels, poultry, cattle and buffalo. The type of livestock grown is dependent upon the terrain and water available. All products from the animals are used and sheep are especially useful as they provide both animal protein and fat, but also serve as a source of wool. Approximately 80 percent of the population works in some form of agriculture, yet frequently the gross output is not enough to feed the population (â€Å"Afghanistan Profile† 5 and cia.gov). Due to nearly constant internal and external conflict, Afghanistan’s infrastructure is in a constant state of disrepair and rebuilding. The country has limited network of paved roads, with the main artery Highway 1, circling the country. Nearl y two thirds of the country’s population lives within 30 miles of the road (Sieff). Recently, the government of Afghanistan has shown an inability to maintain the roads, due mostly to inexperience and lack of funds. While some of the deterioration happens because ofShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Iran1040 Words   |  5 Pagesas Persia Until 1935 Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monarchy was overthrown and Shah Mohammad Reza PAHLAVI was forced into exile (World Factbook, 2014). The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of those interesting countries that most everyone thinks is solely an enormous desert, but in reality it is a whole lot more than just a desert where nobody lives. 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Tourism Planning Environment and Issue †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Tourism Planning Environment and Issue. Answer: Critically evaluating the tourism related issue Around 5% of the global economy is contributed by the tourism industry with an estimated annual growth of 6.2%. As mentioned by Gladstone, Curley and Shokri (2012), analyzing the impact of tourism on the environment is hardly studied despite the adverse consequences. According to this journal, it can be seen that the coastal regions attract the high number of tourists, as this allows the tourists to enjoy both the scenic beauty of sea and land. The tourism related issue discussed in this journal is to evaluate the impact of tourism on the environment. According to the journals, it can be said that tourism imposes a severe threat to the environment. Moreover, this journal specifically highlights the environmental impacts on the gulf coastal region. Increase in the number of tourists in the gulf coastal area has increased to 22.9 million. Due to the increase in the number of tourists, gulf countries had build suitable, comfortable and adequate number of infrastructures. An excessive nu mber of infrastructure within a limited time in the gulf region has resulted in the loss of coral reefs, wetlands, sandy embayment and mangrove forests. As a result, the loss of habitat in the coastal region is prevalent. The activity undertaken and performed by the tourists such as SCUBA diving poses potential threats to the marine species due to the boats. Environmental damage also includes coral breakage and damage along with littering the marine and the coastal environment. However, as argued by Lee and Brahmasrene (2013), tourism poses an adverse environmental hazard by facilitating a higher rate of carbon dioxide emission. The journal demonstrates a close relationship between economic growth and emission of carbon dioxide. As tourism contributes largely to the overall economic growth of a country, the environmental impact also increases. Due to the economic growth of the country, the rate of development within the country reaches its peak. The government emphasizes on using the money gathered from tourism for developing their nations without considering the environmental impact. Moreover, the tourists also impose a subsequent threat to the environment of the host country. For example, excess use of transport facilities by the tourists for exploring the cultures and heritage of the host country contributes to the carbon emission. This one aspect is difficult if control, as the tourists visit host countries for relaxing and fun and avails comfortable, r elaxing and luxuries measures for exploring the host country. Therefore, use of more transport facilities results in increased carbon emission for the host country. On the other hand, new business establishments such as factories and industries are facilitated due to increased GDP of the host country due to tourism. Though the new business ventures contribute to the economy and employment of the country, the environmental aspect lacks sufficient consideration. The gases released by the industries and factories are highly toxic and consists of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide that is extremely harmful to the environment. Therefore, it can be said tourism contributes largely to the carbon dioxide emission thereby, posing a severe threat to the environment. Comparing and contrasting the two research papers As mentioned by Gladstone, Curley and Shokri (2012), tourism poses a severe threat to the coastal and marine environment of the host country. However, as argued by Lee and Brahmasrene (2013), tourism results in the economic growth of the country that has a detrimental effect on the environment. Tourism contributes greatly towards increasing the GDP of the country. The government of the countries uses various promotional strategies to attract people from around the world. This is a business strategy undertaken by the countries and their government to increase the economy. More the number of tourists more will the economy of the countries. Therefore, the economy collected by the government from the tourism sector is used by the government for developing and shaping their own country by developing employment, providing educational needs and building business for the country. The GDP gathered from the tourism industry is used by the country to facilitate the growth of buildings, factorie s, and industries. The growth of industries and factories contributes largely to the carbon emission of the country. The researcher to accumulate data from 22 countries used secondary data from 1988 to 2009. Use of secondary data collection technique allowed the researcher to compare and contrast of the rate of carbon dioxide emission over the years. As a result of the comparison, the researcher was able to conclude that the rate of carbon dioxide emission has increased due to the economic growth of the country due to the tourism sector. However, the researcher could have also used primary data collection technique to understand the present view of the tourists and the governmental officials on the impact of tourism sector on increased carbon emission. On the other hand, Gladstone, Curley and Shokri (2012), discusses that tourism adversely affects the marine and coastal environment more compared to any other environmental aspect. The tourists perform a variety of fun loving and relaxing activities in the water without considering the marine ecosystem. Additionally, even the host country does not consider the potential threats that the marine ecosystem encounters due to the leisure activities offered by them to the tourists. The leisure tourist activities pose severe threats for on the marine life that includes both marine flora and fauna. Due to activities such as scuba diving, boating, and river rafting, the bottom of the water bodies is hampered and damaged. The increased amount of excitement and surface tension due to the water activities also disturbs the life of the marine fauna. For example, breakage and damage of the coral reefs are highly noticed. In order to accommodate and provide comfortable facilities for the increased number of tourists, the government permits the organizations for construction in the areas thereby, hampering the coastal environment. The researcher compared the records of the total number of tourists that visit the Gulf or coastal areas with the water activities preferred by the tourists. The comparison thereby, helped the researcher to determine the water sport that causes the major hazards in the coastal regions. Reflection on learning After critically evaluating both the journals, I have learned that tourism has potential threats on the environment. According to me, the government and the organizations of the countries emphasize more on increasing their tourism, as tourism increment will eventually result in economic growth. Moreover, the organizations and government of the country also emphasizes on providing luxurious facilities and comforts to the tourists. This is because the country wants to create an overwhelming image of their tourism thereby, attracting more visitors. As a result, the tourists spots have seen an increased number of hotels and restaurants with time. However, the government and the organizations fail to consider the impact of tourism activities and development on the environment. According to me, the government of the country needs to promote sustainable tourism for the visitors. Sustainability will help in maintaining tourism by facilitating economic growth but avoiding adverse environmenta l impact. Both the journals emphasize on the adverse impact of tourism on the environment both in terms of marine and air. The journals also compare and contrast the previous and recent data in order to evaluate whether adverse impact of tourism on the environment has increased or decreased. Furthermore, the journals also discuss the major cause and effect of environmental hazard due to tourism. However, on the contrary, the journals fail to shed light on the possible recommendations that can be used by the organizations to conduct tourism without hampering the environment. The journals fail to mention the sustainable strategies that could be possibly used by the government and the organizations for conducting tourism. Both the journals helped me in gaining knowledge about the present scenario of the impact of tourism on the environment. According to me, sustainable strategies need to be developed and implemented by the government and the country for conducting the tourism. As discussed in one of the journals tourism transport leads to excessive amount carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, as a sustainable strategy, the country can allow the tourists the use of battery cars or bicycles for exploring the country. This will provide an opportunity for the country to provide healthy and environmentally friendly tourism experience. From the journals, I have learned that tourism is an important aspect of the economy of the country, as it helps in increasing the overall GDP. Therefore, more tourism states more economic growth for the countries. The journals have helped in providing me with adequate knowledge about the adverse impact of tourism on the environment. From the journals, I have also learned that the adverse impact of tourism on the environment has increased from the past years. This is because of the ignorance among the tourists about the impact of tourism on the environment. Therefore, according to me, the government of the host and the home country need to emphasize of spreading awareness about the adverse impact of tourism of the environment along with promoting tourism of the country. Spreading awareness among the tourists will help in prohibiting and mitigating the major activities related to tourism thereby, reducing the adverse environmental impact. References Gladstone, W., Curley, B. and Shokri, M.R., 2012. Environmental impacts of tourism in the Gulf and the Red Sea. Lee, J.W. and Brahmasrene, T., 2013. Investigating the influence of tourism on economic growth and carbon emissions: Evidence from panel analysis of the European Union.Tourism Management,38, pp.69-76.